Прошедшее завершенное время Past Perfect Simple
1. Образование прошедшего продолженного времени Past Continuous
Прошедшее продолженное время Past Continuous образуется следующим образом (на примере глагола play).
Утвердительные предложения:
I was playing chess yesterday at 5. |
We were playing chess yesterday at 5. |
You were playing chess yesterday at 5. |
You were playing chess yesterday at 5. |
He / she / it was playing chess yesterday at 5. |
They were playing chess yesterday at 5. |
Табл 1. Утвердительные предложения во времени PastContinuous
Вопросительные предложения:
Was I playing chess yesterday at 5? |
Were we playing chess yesterday at 5? |
Were you playing chess yesterday at 5? |
Were you playing chess yesterday at 5? |
Was he / she / it playing chess yesterday at 5? |
Were they playing chess yesterday at 5? |
Табл 2. Вопросительные предложения во времени Past Continuous
Отрицательные предложения:
I was not playing chess yesterday at 5. |
We were not playing chess yesterday at 5. |
You were not playing chess yesterday at 5. |
You were not playing chess yesterday at 5. |
He /she/it was not playing chess yesterday at 5. |
They were not playing chess yesterday at 5. |
Табл 3. Отрицательные предложения во времени Past Continuous
Таким образом, прошедшее продолженное время Past Continuous образуется с помощью вспомогательного глагола tobe в нужной форме и смыслового глагола с окончанием -ing. Сказуемое всегда состоит из двух частей.
Стоит также отметить, что отрицательные формы was not и were not часто сокращаются до wasn’t и weren’t.
2. Случаи употребления прошедшего продолженного времени Past Continuous
Прошедшее продолженное время Past Continuous имеет несколько случаев употребления:
1. Для описания длительных действий, происходивших в определенный момент в прошлом.
Пример:
We were having dinner at 7 o’clock yesterday evening. – Мы обедали вчера в 7 часов вечера.
2. Для описания действия, которое длилось в прошлом и было прервано другим действием. В таком случае длительное действие выражается Past Continuous, а прерывающее – Past Simple.
Пример:
My mother was cooking dinner when I came home. – Моя мама готовила обед, когда я пришел домой.
3. Для описания двух (или более) одновременных длительных действий в прошлом.
Пример:
I was reading while my brother was watching TV. – Я читал, пока мой брат смотрел телевизор.
4. Также часто используется в художественной литературе для описаний.
Пример:
That morning the sun was shining brightly. She was sitting on a bench and thinking about him. – Тем утром ярко светило солнце. Она сидела на скамейке и думала о нем.
3. Маркеры времени в прошедшем продолженном времени Past Continuous
В предложениях с прошедшим продолженным временем Past Continuous часто идут такие обстоятельства времени − when, while, as, the whole morning (day) и т. д.
Выберите правильный вариант в скобках:
1) While I (was waiting / waited / have waited) for him to call up, he (had / was having / have had) a good time in the bar.
2) She (has written / wrote / was writing) this exercise yesterday at 8 o'clock.
3) He (has invited / was inviting / invited) me to the party yesterday.
4) I (passed / have passed / was passing) my exam in history today.
5) He (read / has read / was reading) a book two days ago.
6) They (have seen / saw / were seeing) this film last week.
7) She (painted / has painted / was painting) the picture when I came.
8) I (made / have made / was making) my report when you entered the hall.
9) They (learnt / were learning / have learnt) the new words yesterday from three till seven.
10) It (rained / has rained / was raining) this week.
11) She (was having / had / has had) a bath at seven o'clock last night.
12) She (was washing / washed / has washed) dishes already.
13) They (had / have had / were having) supper when the telephone rang,
14) I (didn't meet / haven't met / was not meeting) you for ages.
15) Last summer he (has gone / was going / went) to the Caucasus.